He is venerated in most forms of the new religious movement Heathenry, together with other gods venerated by the ancient Germanic peoples some branches focus particularly on him. In the modern period, Óðinn has inspired numerous works of poetry, music, and other forms of media. Other approaches focus on Óðinn's place in the historical record, a frequent question being whether the figure of Óðinn derives from Proto-Indo-European religion, or whether he developed later in Germanic society. Some of these focus on Óðinn's particular relation to other figures for example, the fact that Freyja's husband Óðr appears to be something of an etymological doublet of the god, whereas Óðinn's wife Frigg is in many ways similar to Freyja, and that Óðinn has a particular relation to the figure of Loki. Óðinn is a frequent subject of study in Germanic studies, and numerous theories have been put forward regarding his development. He is associated with charms and other forms of magic, particularly in Old English and Old Norse texts. In later folklore, Óðinn appears as a leader of the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession of the dead through the winter sky. ![]() Óðinn consults the disembodied, herb-embalmed head of the wise being Mímir for advice, and during the foretold events of Ragnarök, Óðinn is told to lead the einherjar into battle before being consumed by the monstrous wolf Fenrir. The other half are chosen by the goddess Freyja for her afterlife location, Fólkvangr. ![]() In Old Norse texts, female beings associated with the battlefield-the valkyrjur-are associated with the god and Óðinn oversees Valhǫll, where he receives half of those who die in battle, the einherjar. Óðinn has a particular association with Yule, and mankind's knowledge of both the runes and poetry is also attributed to him, giving Óðinn aspects of the culture hero. In these texts, he frequently seeks greater knowledge, at times in disguise (most famously by obtaining the Mead of Poetry), makes wagers with his wife Frigg over the outcome of exploits, and takes part in both the creation of the world by way of slaying the primordial being Ymir and giving the gift of life to the first two humans Askr and Embla. ![]() Óðinn is attested as having many sons, most famously the gods Þórr (with Jörð) and Baldr (with Frigg), and is known by hundreds of names. Óðinn is the son of Bestla and Borr and has two brothers, Vili and Vé. He is often accompanied by his animal companions and familiars-the wolves Geri and Freki and the ravens Huginn and Muninn, who bring him information from all over Miðgarðr-and rides the flying, eight-legged steed Sleipnir across the sky and into the underworld. In Old Norse texts, Óðinn is depicted as one-eyed and long-bearded, frequently wielding a spear named Gungnir, and wearing a cloak and a broad hat. These texts make up the bulk of modern understanding of Norse mythology. Forms of his name appear frequently throughout the Germanic record, though narratives regarding Óðinn are mainly found in Old Norse works recorded in Iceland, primarily around the 13th century. In Old English texts, Óðinn holds a particular place as a euhemerized ancestral figure amongst royalty, and he is frequently referred to as a founding figure amongst various other Germanic peoples, such as the Langobards. References to Óðinn appear in place names throughout regions historically inhabited by the ancient Germanic peoples, and the day of the week Wednesday bears his name in many Germanic languages, including English. In the modern period, Óðinn continued to be acknowledged in the rural folklore of Germanic Europe. Óðinn is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples, from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania through the tribal expansions of the Migration Period and the Viking Age. In wider Germanic mythology and paganism, Óðinn was known in Old English as Wōden (Ƿōden), in Old Saxon as Wōdan (ᚹᛟᛞᚨᚾ), and in Old High German as Wuotan or Wōtan, all stemming from the reconstructed Proto-Germanic theonym *wōđanaz (ᚹᛟᛞᚨᚾᚨᛉ). He is the King of Ásgarðr and is also the chief ruler ( the Allfather) of the Æsir (the main pantheon of Norse gods) in Norse mythology. In Norse mythology, from which stems most surviving information about the god, Óðinn is associated with wisdom, healing, death, royalty, the gallows, knowledge, war, battle, victory, sorcery, poetry, frenzy, and the runic alphabet, and is the husband of the goddess Frigg. ![]() Óðinn (Old Norse: ᚢᚦᛁᚾ/ᚮᚦᛂᚾ, meaning "the mad one"), anglicised as Odin (/ˈoʊdɪn/), is a widely revered god.
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